CVE-2025-32031
Apollo Gateway Query Planner Vulnerable to Excessive Resource Consumption via Optimization Bypass
Description
Apollo Gateway provides utilities for combining multiple GraphQL microservices into a single GraphQL endpoint. Prior to 2.10.1, a vulnerability in Apollo Gateway allowed queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments to be prohibitively expensive to query plan, specifically due to internal optimizations being frequently bypassed. The query planner includes an optimization that significantly speeds up planning for applicable GraphQL selections. However, queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments can generate many selections where this optimization does not apply, leading to significantly longer planning times. Because the query planner does not enforce a timeout, a small number of such queries can render gateway inoperable. This could lead to excessive resource consumption and denial of service. This has been remediated in @apollo/gateway version 2.10.1.
INFO
Published Date :
April 7, 2025, 9:15 p.m.
Last Modified :
Aug. 1, 2025, 4:50 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH | [email protected] |
Solution
- Update @apollo/gateway to version 2.10.1 or later.
- Review and optimize complex GraphQL queries.
- Implement query complexity analysis and limits.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2025-32031.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/apollographql/federation/pull/3236 | Issue Tracking Patch |
| https://github.com/apollographql/federation/releases/tag/%40apollo%2Fgateway%402.10.1 | Release Notes |
| https://github.com/apollographql/federation/security/advisories/GHSA-p2q6-pwh5-m6jr | Vendor Advisory |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-32031 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-32031
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2025-32031 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2025-32031 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Aug. 01, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:apollographql:apollo_gateway:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* versions up to (excluding) 2.10.1 Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/apollographql/federation/pull/3236 Types: Issue Tracking, Patch Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/apollographql/federation/releases/tag/%40apollo%2Fgateway%402.10.1 Types: Release Notes Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/apollographql/federation/security/advisories/GHSA-p2q6-pwh5-m6jr Types: Vendor Advisory -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Apr. 07, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description Apollo Gateway provides utilities for combining multiple GraphQL microservices into a single GraphQL endpoint. Prior to 2.10.1, a vulnerability in Apollo Gateway allowed queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments to be prohibitively expensive to query plan, specifically due to internal optimizations being frequently bypassed. The query planner includes an optimization that significantly speeds up planning for applicable GraphQL selections. However, queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments can generate many selections where this optimization does not apply, leading to significantly longer planning times. Because the query planner does not enforce a timeout, a small number of such queries can render gateway inoperable. This could lead to excessive resource consumption and denial of service. This has been remediated in @apollo/gateway version 2.10.1. Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Added CWE CWE-770 Added Reference https://github.com/apollographql/federation/pull/3236 Added Reference https://github.com/apollographql/federation/releases/tag/%40apollo%2Fgateway%402.10.1 Added Reference https://github.com/apollographql/federation/security/advisories/GHSA-p2q6-pwh5-m6jr